The threat posed by climate change has not yet been matched by economic policies that can deliver sharp reductions in carbon emissions. The Kyoto Protocol has not received support from the USA, and ratification has been delayed by Russia's reluctance to sign up- both in part because of its costs. Few European countries are on course to meet their own national targets. In consequence, there is a search for a post-Kyoto framework, new institutions and new economic policies to spread the costs and meet them in an economically efficient way. This volume provides an overview of the economics of climate change, the policy options, and the scope for making significant carbon reductions.